High blood pressure affects over 1 billion people worldwide, but new science suggests a personalized approach could work better than treating everyone the same way. Researchers reviewed studies on how your genes, gut bacteria, and artificial intelligence might help doctors create custom treatment plans for each person. While gene therapy shows promise, it’s not yet safe for regular use. However, changing your gut bacteria through diet and supplements appears safer and more effective right now. AI computer programs can analyze your unique biology to suggest personalized meal plans that may lower blood pressure naturally. Scientists say combining these approaches could revolutionize high blood pressure treatment, but more research in humans is still needed.

The Quick Take

  • What they studied: How genetics (your inherited traits), epigenetics (switches that turn genes on and off), gut bacteria, and artificial intelligence could help doctors treat high blood pressure in more personalized ways instead of using the same treatment for everyone.
  • Who participated: This was a review of existing research rather than a new study with participants. Scientists looked at hundreds of published studies from medical databases to summarize what we know about personalized blood pressure treatment.
  • Key finding: Certain genes affect blood pressure control, and changing your gut bacteria through diet or supplements appears to be a safe and effective way to help lower blood pressure. AI programs can create personalized diet plans based on your unique biology that may reduce blood pressure and improve heart health.
  • What it means for you: In the future, your doctor might use a simple test to understand your genes and gut bacteria, then use a computer program to create a diet plan just for you. This personalized approach may work better than standard treatments, but these methods are still being studied and aren’t widely available yet.

The Research Details

This was a narrative review, which means scientists read and summarized hundreds of research studies on the topic rather than conducting their own experiment. They searched medical databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, and others to find all the latest research on how genetics, epigenetics, gut bacteria, and artificial intelligence relate to high blood pressure treatment.

The researchers organized their findings into four main areas: (1) how specific genes influence blood pressure, (2) how epigenetics (chemical switches on genes) affect blood pressure, (3) how gut bacteria can be modified to help lower blood pressure, and (4) how artificial intelligence can create personalized treatment plans.

This type of review is useful for understanding the big picture of a topic and identifying what we know and what still needs to be studied. However, it doesn’t provide the strongest evidence on its own—it’s more like a summary of what other scientists have discovered.

A narrative review is important because high blood pressure is a huge global health problem affecting over 1 billion people. Current treatments often use a one-size-fits-all approach that doesn’t work equally well for everyone. By reviewing all the latest research on personalized medicine approaches, scientists can identify promising new strategies and highlight which ones are ready for real-world use versus which ones need more testing.

This review summarizes existing research rather than presenting new data, so its strength depends on the quality of the studies it reviewed. The authors searched multiple major medical databases, which is good. However, readers should know that narrative reviews can sometimes reflect the authors’ opinions about which studies are most important. The findings about gut bacteria and diet appear well-supported by human studies, while gene therapy findings are mostly from laboratory research. The AI findings are newer and less established in real clinical settings.

What the Results Show

The review identified six key genes (ACE, NOS3, ADD1, CYP11B2, NPPA, and NPPB) that significantly influence how your body regulates blood pressure. Variations in these genes can make some people more likely to develop high blood pressure. Additionally, certain chemical switches called microRNAs (miRNA-155, miRNA-210, and miRNA-122) can turn these genes up or down, affecting blood pressure control.

The most promising finding for immediate use is that modifying your gut bacteria appears to be safe and effective for lowering blood pressure. This can be done through dietary changes, oral supplements with beneficial bacteria (probiotics), or in extreme cases, fecal microbiota transplants. Studies show these approaches can reduce blood pressure in people.

Artificial intelligence programs have shown exciting potential by analyzing a person’s unique genes, gut bacteria, and body characteristics to create personalized diet plans. In research studies, these AI-created plans helped people lose weight, reduce body fat, lower blood pressure and heart rate, and improve overall heart health while increasing the diversity of beneficial gut bacteria.

However, gene editing and gene therapy—while theoretically promising—are not yet safe enough for regular clinical use. Concerns include unpredictable changes to DNA, loss of genetic material, and unknown long-term effects. These approaches remain experimental and require much more human research before doctors can use them.

The review highlights that personalized medicine approaches could shift treatment from a one-size-fits-all model to customized plans based on individual biology. This personalization may improve treatment effectiveness and reduce side effects. The combination of multiple approaches (genetics information + gut bacteria modification + AI-guided nutrition) appears more powerful than any single approach alone. The research also shows that dietary interventions to change gut bacteria are more practical and accessible than genetic therapies for most people right now.

This review builds on decades of research showing that high blood pressure has both genetic and environmental causes. Previous studies established that certain genes affect blood pressure, but this review adds newer findings about epigenetics and gut bacteria’s role. The AI applications represent a newer development that wasn’t possible even five years ago. The emphasis on gut bacteria as a treatment target is relatively recent compared to traditional blood pressure medications, which have been used for decades. This review suggests we’re moving toward a more comprehensive understanding that combines multiple biological systems rather than focusing on single factors.

This is a review of existing research, not a new study, so it doesn’t provide the strongest level of evidence. Gene editing and gene therapy findings come mostly from laboratory studies, not human trials, so we don’t know if they’ll work safely in real people. AI findings are based on limited studies and haven’t been tested widely in everyday clinical settings. The review doesn’t specify how many studies were included or provide detailed quality assessment of individual studies. Most human studies on gut bacteria modification and AI-guided nutrition are relatively small or recent, so results may change as more research is done. The review was published very recently (2025), so some findings may still be preliminary.

The Bottom Line

Based on current evidence: (1) Moderate confidence: Dietary changes to support healthy gut bacteria (eating more fiber, fermented foods, and diverse plant foods) may help lower blood pressure and should be discussed with your doctor. (2) Low to moderate confidence: Probiotic supplements might help some people, but more research is needed to know which types work best. (3) Very low confidence: Gene therapy and gene editing are not recommended for clinical use yet—they’re still experimental. (4) Emerging: Ask your doctor if AI-guided personalized nutrition programs are available in your area, though these are still new and not widely offered. Always work with your healthcare provider before making major changes to your blood pressure treatment.

Anyone with high blood pressure or at risk for it should be aware of these emerging approaches. People who haven’t responded well to standard blood pressure medications might particularly benefit from personalized approaches in the future. However, people with genetic conditions affecting blood pressure should discuss these options carefully with their doctor. These approaches are not yet recommended as replacements for proven blood pressure medications. Families with a history of high blood pressure may find genetic information useful for understanding their risk, but genetic testing for blood pressure isn’t yet standard practice.

Dietary changes to support gut bacteria can show effects on blood pressure within 4-12 weeks, though benefits often continue improving over months. Probiotic supplements, if effective, typically show results within 8-12 weeks. AI-guided personalized nutrition plans may show benefits within 3-6 months. Gene therapy and gene editing are likely 5-10+ years away from being available in clinical settings, pending safety research. Don’t expect overnight results—managing blood pressure is a long-term commitment.

Want to Apply This Research?

  • Track daily blood pressure readings (morning and evening), dietary fiber intake in grams, servings of fermented foods (yogurt, sauerkraut, kimchi), and any probiotic supplements taken. Record these weekly to see patterns over 8-12 weeks.
  • Start by adding one high-fiber food daily (beans, whole grains, or vegetables) and one fermented food daily (yogurt, sauerkraut, or kombucha). Use the app to set reminders and log these additions. Gradually increase variety of plant-based foods to support gut bacteria diversity.
  • Create a dashboard showing blood pressure trends over time alongside dietary changes. Set monthly check-ins to review whether blood pressure improvements correlate with dietary consistency. Share reports with your doctor to guide ongoing treatment decisions. Track changes in energy, digestion, and overall wellness alongside blood pressure numbers.

This review summarizes emerging research on personalized approaches to high blood pressure, but these methods are not yet standard medical treatment. Gene therapy and gene editing are experimental and not approved for clinical use. Do not stop or change your blood pressure medications without consulting your doctor. While dietary changes and probiotics appear safe, they should complement—not replace—prescribed blood pressure medications. Artificial intelligence-guided nutrition programs are new and not yet widely available or regulated. Always discuss any new treatment approaches with your healthcare provider before starting. This information is educational and should not be considered medical advice. Individual results vary based on genetics, lifestyle, and other health factors.