Researchers used a special statistical method called Mendelian Randomization to investigate whether low folate levels might cause hemorrhoids that bleed. Instead of following people over time, they analyzed genetic data from large groups to understand if folate deficiency could be a direct cause of this painful condition. The study, published in Human Nutrition & Metabolism, helps scientists understand the connection between this important B vitamin and hemorrhoid development, which could eventually lead to better prevention strategies.

The Quick Take

  • What they studied: Whether not having enough folate (a B vitamin) in your body actually causes hemorrhoids that bleed, rather than just being connected to them
  • Who participated: The study used genetic information from large groups of people in databases, rather than recruiting individual participants to a traditional study
  • Key finding: The research suggests there may be a causal relationship between folate levels and bleeding hemorrhoids, meaning low folate could potentially contribute to developing this condition
  • What it means for you: If confirmed by future research, this could mean getting enough folate through diet or supplements might help prevent hemorrhoids. However, this is early-stage research and shouldn’t replace talking to your doctor about hemorrhoid treatment

The Research Details

This study used a modern research method called Mendelian Randomization, which is like a detective tool for scientists. Instead of watching people eat different amounts of folate and seeing who gets hemorrhoids, researchers looked at genetic variations that naturally affect folate levels in people’s bodies. By studying these genetic differences in large databases, they could figure out whether low folate actually causes hemorrhoids or if they’re just coincidentally connected. This approach is powerful because genes are randomly inherited, which helps rule out other factors that might confuse the results.

Traditional studies that just follow people over time can’t always prove that one thing causes another—there are too many other factors involved. This genetic approach is stronger because it mimics what would happen in a controlled experiment, but using natural genetic variation instead. This helps scientists move beyond just noticing that two things happen together to actually understanding if one causes the other.

This study uses genetic data from large population databases, which is generally reliable. However, the study’s strength depends on the quality of the genetic databases used and whether the genetic variations truly represent folate levels. The fact that specific sample sizes aren’t provided makes it harder to assess the study’s statistical power. Readers should view this as preliminary evidence that suggests a possible connection rather than definitive proof.

What the Results Show

The analysis suggests a causal relationship between folate levels and the development of thrombotic external hemorrhoids (bleeding hemorrhoids that form blood clots). This means that genetically lower folate levels appear to be associated with increased risk of this specific type of hemorrhoid. The findings support the biological idea that folate, which is important for cell health and blood vessel function, may play a protective role against hemorrhoid formation. This is an important distinction from simply observing that people with hemorrhoids tend to have lower folate—this study suggests the low folate might actually be causing the problem.

The research contributes to our understanding of how nutritional factors influence vascular health and tissue integrity in the digestive system. It also highlights folate’s broader role beyond just preventing birth defects, suggesting this B vitamin is important for maintaining healthy blood vessels and tissue throughout the body. These findings may eventually inform dietary recommendations for hemorrhoid prevention.

Previous research has shown that folate deficiency is linked to various vascular and tissue health problems, but the specific causal relationship with hemorrhoids hasn’t been well-established. This study adds to growing evidence that adequate folate is important for maintaining healthy blood vessels and preventing bleeding complications. The findings align with what we know about folate’s role in cell division and tissue repair.

The study relies on genetic data and statistical modeling, which means it can’t directly prove cause-and-effect in the way a clinical trial could. The results apply to genetic factors affecting folate levels, not necessarily to people who choose to eat less folate. The study doesn’t account for other factors that influence hemorrhoid development, like constipation, straining, or family history. Additionally, without knowing the specific sample sizes and databases used, it’s harder to evaluate how reliable the results are.

The Bottom Line

Based on this research, maintaining adequate folate intake through diet (leafy greens, legumes, fortified grains) or supplements may help prevent hemorrhoids, though this is preliminary evidence. Current confidence level: Moderate—this is promising research but needs confirmation from clinical trials. General folate recommendations remain important for overall health regardless of hemorrhoid risk.

This research is most relevant for people with a family history of hemorrhoids, those experiencing recurring hemorrhoid problems, and anyone interested in nutritional prevention strategies. It’s less directly applicable to people already dealing with acute hemorrhoid symptoms, who should consult their doctor. Pregnant women and those with certain medical conditions should continue following their doctor’s folate recommendations.

If you increase folate intake, improvements in hemorrhoid symptoms or prevention would likely take several weeks to months, as this involves tissue healing and vascular health improvements. This isn’t a quick fix but rather a long-term preventive strategy.

Want to Apply This Research?

  • Track daily folate intake in micrograms (target: 400 mcg for adults) alongside any hemorrhoid symptoms or discomfort levels on a weekly basis to monitor personal patterns
  • Add one folate-rich food to your daily diet (spinach, lentils, asparagus, or fortified cereal) and log it in the app to gradually increase intake toward recommended levels
  • Create a monthly review of folate intake adequacy and symptom frequency to identify personal correlations and maintain consistent dietary habits over time

This research suggests a potential causal relationship between folate levels and hemorrhoid development, but it is preliminary evidence based on genetic analysis rather than clinical trials. This information should not replace professional medical advice. If you have hemorrhoids or are considering changing your folate intake for medical reasons, consult with your healthcare provider. This study does not provide treatment recommendations for existing hemorrhoids. Always discuss nutritional changes with your doctor, especially if you take medications or have underlying health conditions.